4 Best and latest and future treatment of Blood Cancers

The Latest and newest possible treatments for blood cancers were being presented this week at a yearly conference.
One of the presentations that was made was on menin inhibitors and their capability as a treatment method for leukemia.
The conference also had a comparison of two BTK inhibitors as possible treatments of blood cancer.
The Possible safety measures for blood cancer treatments was also put into consideration with issues ranging from premature aging to maternal health factors.

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The American Society of Hematology (ASH) 64^th yearly meeting ended this week after a forward-looking showcase of the newest work that was being done globally in the treatment of blood cancers.

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American society of hematology(ASH) officials told Healthline representatives that there were nearly 5,000 study abstracts, including a variety of potentially game-changing treatment modalities that could eventually become standards of care.

Most attendees participated in person for the first time since the COVID-19 pandemic began.

Oncologists, hematologists, scientists, pharmaceutical executives, nurses, patient advocates, and people with cancer showed up to discuss the latest findings in lymphoma, leukemia, myeloma, and other types of cancer.

Lee Greenberger, Ph.D., the chief scientific officer of the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society (LLS), told Healthline that of all the presentations at ASH this year, the studies that are focusing on ways to leverage the body’s immune system to fight blood cancers shined the brightest.

“It is very clear from what we saw at ASH this year that immunotherapies are here to stay,” Greenberger said.

“From CAR-T to bispecific monoclonals, and more, we are learning more about the immune environment in the body and how to use it to find new and better treatments. LLS was actually built on that foundation,” he added.

Menin inhibitors as a cancer treatment

Greenberger said there were multiple new and encouraging treatment modalities for leukemia at ASH 2022.

One of the most promising, he said, are menin inhibitors, which are targeted therapies for various types of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a difficult-to-treat type of cancer that starts in the bone marrow but usually moves into the blood.

AML can spread to other parts of the body, including the lymph nodes, liver, spleen, central nervous system (brain and spinal cord), and testicles, according to the American Cancer Society.

One of the menin inhibitors showing promise is ziftomenib from Kura Oncology.

“I expect this treatment to be available for people within two to five years, depending on how future clinical trials go,” Greenberger said.

In a phase 1 study, 30% of people with NPM1-mutant AML exhibited complete remissions, complete disappearance of leukemia, and restoration of normal blood function when treated with ziftomenib.

Based on the data presented at ASH 2022, company officials said they will begin a phase 2 study to seek approval from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Troy Wilson, Ph.D., the chairman and chief executive officer of Kura, told Healthline that ziftomenib has the potential to address approximately 35% of acute myeloid leukemia cases, including NPM1-mutant AML and KMT2A-rearranged AML.

“These are areas of significant unmet need for cancer patients since no approved targeted therapies currently exist,” Wilson said.

“We also believe that by combining ziftomenib with other cancer therapies, in an effort to minimize or prevent treatment resistance, we may be able to expand the patient population by potentially addressing up to 50 percent of acute leukemias,” he added.

Premature aging from cancer treatments

A broad spectrum of consumer issues was addressed at ASH this year, from the quality of life after treatment to maternal health, economic and racial inequities, and the potential harms of blood cancer treatments in young people.

One study that used long-term data from St. Jude Children’s Hospital showed that treatment for pediatric Hodgkin’s lymphoma can negatively affect patients’ neurocognitive function over their lifetime and even cause premature death.

The findings, which haven’t been published in a peer-reviewed journal yet, were presented at the ASH conference.

Annalynn M. Williams, Ph.D., an epidemiologist at Wilmot Cancer Institute at the University of Rochester in New York, who focuses on neuropsychological and psychosocial issues in adolescent and young adult cancer survivors, said she recently discovered something that did not make sense to her.

“It was nagging at my brain that there are a group of patients who don’t receive any treatment that are known to harm the central nervous system but were still having cognitive problems earlier than their peers,” she told Healthline.

Her new study of 215 survivors of pediatric Hodgkin’s lymphoma showed that long-term survivors are at elevated risk for cardiopulmonary morbidity, cognitive impairment, early onset of dementia, and premature death.

“The treatment causes epigenetic changes and over time they persist and accumulate because of what they are exposed to in daily life,” said Williams.

Lance Kawaguchi, a global venture philanthropist for children, teens, and young adults with cancer, told Healthline, “According to a 2015 global analysis, the most common cancers diagnosed in children were leukemia, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL), brain and nervous system cancers, as well as other neoplasms. Many children who survive these cancers initially, in particular, NHL, progress to later stages and suffer long-term complications. This is simply devastating. After already enduring so much, they deserve better.”

Two cancer treatments are compared

One of the most anticipated studies at ASH was the head-to-head comparison between cancer treatments zanubrutinib and ibrutinib.

Zanubrutinib, the targeted drug from BeiGene that is sold under the brand name Brukinsa, showed better efficacy with fewer side effects than ibrutinib in a study.

The findings, which haven’t been published yet in a peer-reviewed journal, were presented at the ASH conference.

Ibrutinib is manufactured by Pharmacyclics, an AbbVie company, and Janssen Biotech. It is sold under the brand name Imbruvica.

It was the first head-to-head comparison between the two drugs among people with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL).

Ibrutinib, currently a standard therapy for CLL and SLL, was the first Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor to gain FDA approval.

The newer drug, zanubrutinib, is a BTK inhibitor that has received FDA approval for treating several types of cancer.

BTK inhibitors as a cancer treatment

BTK inhibitors are given orally and work by interfering with a key signaling pathway in cancer cells.

Dr. Jennifer R. Brown, a medical oncology specialist at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, said in an ASH press release that “zanubrutinib not only improves the response rate, it also improves progression-free survival compared to ibrutinib, including in our highest risk patients.”

She added that progression-free survival “is pretty much our gold standard for efficacy, so our data suggest that zanubrutinib should really become the standard of care in this setting.”

At two years, 79% of people taking zanubrutinib and 67% of those taking ibrutinib were still alive without evidence of their cancer returning, according to the ASH press announcement.

Dr. Mehrdad Mobasher, the chief medical officer of hematology at BeiGene, told Healthline that the company believes these results could help this treatment emerge as a new standard of care in the treatment of CLL.

“We are awaiting an FDA decision on our submission for Brukinsa (zanubrutinib) to treat adult patients with CLL”, with a target date of January 20, he said.

In general, earlier treatment of cancer is more effective, but some blood cancers can be cured at any stage. This all depends on the type of disease. If the cancer is not curable the treatments could help relieve symptoms and improve survival.

Doctors may develop better treatment plans for their patients, and scientists could create new and better drugs to fight cancer using predictive model technology. With additional research and funding, future advancements in cancer biology could lead to a potential cure.

As with other types of cancer, there’s currently no cure for leukemia. People with leukemia sometimes experience remission, a state after diagnosis and treatment in which the cancer is no longer detected in the body. However, the cancer may recur due to cells that remain in your body.

Many people enjoy long and healthy lives after being successfully treated for their blood cancer. Sometimes, however, the treatment can affect a person’s health for months or even years after it has finished. Some side effects may not be evident until years after treatment has ceased.

Research advances have improved cancer treatment to make it more effective and to reduce side effects. Yet some misleading ideas about cancer treatment still persist. Here’s a look at common misconceptions about cancer treatment and explanations to help you understand the truth.

Some people with cancer will have only one treatment. But most people have a combination of treatments, such as surgery with chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. You may also have immunotherapy, targeted therapy, or hormone therapy. Clinical trials might also be an option for you.

Acute myeloid leukemia, 5-year relative survival: 30.5%, Leukemias develop from stem cells in the bone marrow, which differentiate into different blood-cell precursors and eventually blood cells.

Max Hospital is one of the best blood cancer hospital in india that have the best cancer doctors who specialize in treating blood cancer with surgery, chemotherapy, bone marrow transplant, biological therapy and haemato oncology.

The survival rate of stage 4 lymphoma is lower than that of the other stages, but doctors can cure the condition in some cases. People with a diagnosis of stage 4 lymphoma should discuss their treatment options and outlook with their doctor.

Leukemia: On average, 71.7 percent for patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia are alive 5 years after diagnosis. Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia have an 88.2 percent 5-year survival rate.

Acute leukemias — which are incredibly rare — are the most rapidly progressing cancer we know of. The white cells in the blood grow very quickly, over a matter of days to weeks. Sometimes a patient with acute leukemia has no symptoms or has normal blood work even a few weeks or months before the diagnosis.

CLL has a very high incidence rate in people older than 60 years. CLL affects men more than women. If the disease has affected the B cells, the person’s life expectancy can range from 10 to 20 years.

Blood cancers are serious illnesses, but other cancer types are more deadly. Blood cancers represent about 10% of all cancers diagnosed in the United States each year, and an estimated 3% of all cancer-related deaths. National Cancer Institute data show a steady decline in blood cancer deaths.

The prognosis of patients with CLL varies widely at diagnosis. Some patients die rapidly, within 2-3 years of diagnosis, because of complications from CLL. Most patients live 5-10 years, with an initial course that is relatively benign but followed by a terminal, progressive, and resistant phase lasting 1-2 years.

Polycythemia vera (pol-e-sy-THEE-me-uh VEER-uh) is a type of blood cancer. It causes your bone marrow to make too many red blood cells. These excess cells thicken your blood, slowing its flow, which may cause serious problems, such as blood clots. Polycythemia vera is rare.

It is important for cancer survivors to maintain a healthy body weight, eat a plant-based diet, adopt a physically active lifestyle on a day-to-day basis, consume less red meat, limit alcohol, avoid sugary food, stay clear of tobacco products, and limit salt intake.

Overall, the five-year survival rate for blood cancer is around 70%. That means someone diagnosed with blood cancer is only 70% as likely to be alive in five years as someone their age who doesn’t have cancer.

The three main types of blood and bone marrow cancer are leukemia, lymphoma and myeloma: Leukemia is a blood cancer that originates in the blood and bone marrow. It occurs when the body creates too many abnormal white blood cells and interferes with the bone marrow’s ability to make red blood cells and platelets.

What is Leukemia (Blood Cancer)? Leukemia starts in the soft, inner part of the bones (bone marrow), but often moves quickly into the blood. It can then spread to other parts of the body, such as the lymph nodes, spleen, liver, central nervous system and other organs.

All blood cancers are caused by changes (mutations) in DNA within blood cells. This causes the blood cells to start behaving abnormally. In almost all cases, these changes are linked to things we can’t control. They happen during a person’s lifetime, so they are not genetic faults you can pass down to children.

For many people, blood cancer does not shorten their life, and regular medication or treatments keep them stable. If the cancer begins to progress, you may need more intensive treatment to get it back under control.

Now that researchers know this, they can pursue new treatment options for the deadly blood cancer. Scientists have discovered that Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) grows by taking advantage of the B6 vitamin to accelerate cell division.

No diet, supplement or super-food can cure cancer – In fact, cutting out too many foods could mean you’re not getting all the nourishment and energy you need. It’s best to follow a healthy, balanced diet. Ask your healthcare team if there’s anything specific you need to eat more or less of.

Close contact or things like sex, kissing, touching, sharing meals, or breathing the same air cannot spread cancer. Cancer cells from someone with cancer are not able to live in the body of another healthy person. The immune system finds and destroys foreign cells, including cancer cells from another person.

With the bone marrow’s function compromised, patients can die from a variety of causes. Studies show that for leukemia patients, infections were the most common cause of death, most often bacterial infections but also fungal infections or a combination of the two.